Contents

Climate conditions- page 2

Correlation of hive temperatures with colony cluster - page 3

Sesaonal change in cluster - page 5

Temperature effects on cluster - page 8

Effects on entrance location on cluster - page 16

Effects of temperature on volume change - page 16

Population change versus time - page 17

Maximun temperature in cluster- page 19

Unusual cluster shapes - page 19

Refrigerated colony studies - page 22

Summer test - page 22

Winter test 1 - page 23

Winter test 2 - page 25

Winter test 3 - page 31

Summary- page 31

Literature cited- page 32